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来自美国波士顿
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来自美国波士顿
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表达研究目的
简要陈述研究宗旨,说明研究要解决的问题,一般只用一句话来表达。表达目的的常用英语词组为动词不定式,不同的研究目的用不同的不定式。诸如:
为研究— to study, to investigate;
为评价—to evaluate;
为探索— to explore;
为观察— to observe;
为检测、测定— to examine, to determine;
为确定……的特征— to characterize;
为证实、证明—to confir, to demonstrate;
为比较— to compare;
为提供— to prove;
为阐明— to explain.
Example 1 The purpose of this study was to determine whether abnormalities of calcium cycling explain ventricular action potential( AP)oscillations and cause electrocardiogram T-wave alternanS(TWA)
Example 2 To extend this work, we sought to investigate the antioxidant effects of Re...
Example 3 The aim of the present pilot study was to characterize the renal.
Example 4 To evaluate sonography as a tool for initial diagnosis in emergency room patients with abdominal trauma...
Example 5 Our objective in this report is to examine the clinical feature,pathology and treatment for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Example 6 To determine t he effects on the structure formation of comminuted meat emulsions.
Example 7 The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that inhibition of NCX with a newly developed selective NCX inhibitor(SEA0400)reduces TdP.
研究方法
摘要中的研究方法是指简明扼要地介绍研究途径、采用的材料、模型、实验范围及手。在摘要中,研究方法的介绍必须极为简要。在大部分情况下,只需说明方法的名称,不可多写。摘要中常用的英语词组有:“by means of”、“by using”、“by the use of”“ using…as.”等。
Example 1 The complete signal assignments of the two compounds were carried by means of 2DNMR spectral analysis.
Example 2 Measurement of [Ca2+]i was carried out using the dual-wave-length fluorescence method with Fura-2 as the indicator.
Example 3 We in vestigated the role of intracellular calcium cycling. using the perforated or ruptured patch clamp techniques.
Example 4 Analytical study of the active constituents of American ginseng leaf by using HPLC was carried out and evaluated its hypoglycemic properties in diabetic ob/ob mice.
Example 5 We studied 53 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction 28%±8% and 18 control subjects. Monophasic APs were recorded in the right ventricle(n=62) and/or left ventricle(n-9)at 109 beats/min.
研究结果
摘要中的研究结果应包括本研究所获得的新资料、新数据、新结果等。这是摘要的根本所在,应该多着墨在此,把主要结果介绍清楚,以免造成“空洞无物”之嫌。不少论文常习惯使用“that”从句表达实验结果,例如:
The results Indicate that....
The data show that....
The results demonstrated that
The data reveal that....等。
Example 1 We have demonstrated the novel finding, not previously reported,of a dose-dependent, selective, and specific down-regulation of collagen synthesis by fibroblasts response to 5-FU.
Example 2 Analysis of the effects of the treatment on stability, structural and rheological properties, and texture of the emulsions end products showed that addition of sodium caseinate and BPP caused a deterioration in textural...
Example 3 Disease-free survival in the capecitabine group was at least equivalent to that in the flurouracil- plus-leucovorin group (in the intention-to teat analysis, P<0.001 for the comparison of the upper limit of the hazard ratio with the noninferiority margin of 1.20). capecitabine improved relapse-free survival( hazard ratio 0.86: 95 percent confidence interval, 0.74 to 0.99: P=0. 05)and was associate with significantly fewer adverse events than fluorouracil plus leucovorin(P <0.001).
Example 4 On the day 12 150mg/kg extract-treated ob/ob mice became normoglycemic[(137±6. 7)mg/dl ]and had significantly improved glucose tolerance.The overall glucose excursion during the 2-h intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test decreased by 46%(P<0.01) compared with vehicle-treated ob/ob mice. The improvement in blood glucose levels in the extract-treated ob/ob mice was associated with a significant reduction in serum insulin levels in fed and fasting mice. A hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study revealed a more than twofold increase in the rate of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in treated ob/ob mice[(112±19. 1)VS.(52±11. 8)µmol/(kg• min) for the vehicle group, P<0. 01].In addition,the extract-treated ob /ob mice lost a significant amount of weight[ from (51. 7±1.9)gon day 0 to(45. 7±1. 2)gon day 12, P<0. 01 vs vehicle-treated ob/ob mice ], associated with a significant reduction in food intake (P<0.5)and a very significant increase in energy expenditure(P<0. 01)and body temperature(P<0.01).Treatment with the extract also significantly reduced plasma cholesterol levels in ob/ob mice. Additional studies demonstrated that ginsenoside Re plays a significant role in antihyperglycemic action.
研究结论及其意义
根据实验结果,如实地得出恰到好处的结论,以及可能的理论价值和(或)实际意义在摘要中撰写结论无需夸张,但需要强调。一般也只允许用一句话来表达。
Example 1 The results suggest that ginsenoside Re may prove be useful in treating type 2 diabetes.
Example 2 Our tissue recombination assay provides an empirical test to examine the relationship of Pin to prostate carcinoma.
Example 3 We report here, for the first time, the antidiabetic property of black tea in its totality.
Example 4 Our results support an in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and decreasing body weight activity of Gymnema yunnanense extract that may prove to be of clinical importance in improving the management of type 2 diabetes.
Example 5 In an intact rab bit heart model of LQT2 and LQT3 as well as in a computer modle of the rabbit cardiac myocyte, inhibition of NCX is effective in preventing TdP due to a suppression of EADs, a reversion of action potential prolongation, and a reduction of dispersion of repolarization. Our observations suggest a therapeutic benefit of selective NCX inhibition in LQTS.
Example 6 These results suggest that ventricular electrophysia logical characteristics correlated with a bnormal autonomic nerve function may have important effects on sudden cardiac death. Further research is warranted.
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