文献综述literature review怎么写?万能模板+高分句型!
艾德思 | 2023/02/14 16:53:43
| 1375 次浏览
文献综述literature review是毕业论文里最重要的一个部分之一,且是文章的开端部分,可以说literature review写的好,文章给人的第一印象就成功了一半。
今天这篇文章,学姐就要来和大家介绍literature review的写法,结构,以及句型。
第一步:介绍理论背景 (theoretical framework)
在回顾具体的文献前,需要先介绍出你的research topic下的理论背景或模型,因为这是所有literature的foundation!是最fundamental的东西!
第二步. 介绍已有研究 (existing literature)
回顾的时候一定要做到两件事:
1.有重点!
这里注意,虽然是literature review,但一定不是文献的堆积,要be selective!选出最和你研究课题相关的4-5篇文章重点回顾,其他的可以简略的说。
2. 有层次!
不仅单篇文章重要,文章和文章之间的相互关系更重要!所以需要你对阅读的literature进行归纳分类和比对。
例如可以把相同观点(或使用相同研究方法)的文章在一个段落介绍;
同时要突出文献之间的冲突感!因为有了冲突感才能让文献回顾显得有层次,激发读者兴趣往下读!
【已有研究】万能句型
- Recent evidence suggests that …
- Extensive/Previous/Prior research has shown that …
- Previous research has established that …
- A series of recent studies have indicated that…
- Studies over the past two decades have provided important information on …
- There is a growing body of literature that investigates…
- Ample evidence exists to support the view/hypothesis that…
- Researchers have become increasingly interested in…
- … is an emerging research area in the field of …
【研究冲突】万能句型
- The extent to which … has remained controversial.
- Whether and the extent to which … determines the … is controversial.
- However, the extent to which the model of … influences … has been under much debate in the field of…. Some … whereas some …
- There appear to be discrepancies between some of the reported observations.
- The results on this question are mixed.
- Research on this issue presents conflicting findings.
- The literature on __ is less consistent.
- There is far less consensus as to…
第三步. 介绍research gap
已有的研究回顾完了,就该展现你的研究了。也就是我们必须要回答的why you are doing what you are doing的问题。
- 现有研究存在哪些问题?
- 哪些还没有被研究到?
- 哪些文章你没有被它们的结论convince?
- 哪些地方你觉得需要被改进?
这都是你的critical thinking,是属于你的精华!
【research gap】万能句型 (缺少前人研究)
- While/Whist/Although some/extensive/a considerable body of research has been carried out on …, much less is known about…
- To date, this problem has received little/scant attention in the research literature.
- The role of … in … is less certain/understudied/poorly understood.
- So far, however, there has been very little discussion about…
- In contrast to…, there is much less information about the effects of…
【research gap】万能句型 (前人研究缺陷)
- This seems to be a common problem in…
- The limitations of … are increasingly apparent.
- One limitation in … is that…
- The existing studies have many problems in …
- The existing accounts fail to resolve/address…
- Half of the studies evaluated failed to specify…
- …’s research is not without controversy.
第四步. 介绍当前的研究(the current study)
最后就可以很自然的引出你的study了。这里是一个overview,以及需要再次明确你的research aim。这里应该和第三步的研究断层一致,才能前后呼应。
【research aim】万能句型
- This study/paper/essay is aimed at…/provides an overview of.../discusses the role of ... in.../investigates the factors that determine…
- The aim of this study is twofold. The first is to…. The second is to ….
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